61. current, present 均可表“现在”，“目前”。 current强调在现阶段正在流行，通用，但不一定是最新的。如：current English (当代英语) present为常用词，指现在正在通用的，在时间上比current的范围更窄。如：What’s your present address?(你现住址是哪里？) 62. custom, habit 均可表习惯。 custom为正式用词，多指社团或人们的习惯行为方式。 habit为常用词，多指个人因多次重复而形成做某事的趋势或意愿。如：He has the bad habit of biting his nails.(他有咬手指的坏习惯。) 63. damage, destroy, harm, ruin 均可表“破坏”，“损坏”。 damage一般指部分性的破坏，含可修复使用。 destroy指十分彻底的毁坏，破坏。如：The whole city was destroyed in the earthquake.(地震中整个城市被毁了。) harm多指带来悲痛，产生恶果的伤害，可以是肉体的也可是精神的。如：Doctors say smoking harms our health.(医生说吸烟对身体有害。) ruin为正式用词，强调由于自然力或时间的作用而逐渐损坏，用于比喻时也指彻底毁坏名声，期望等。如：She poured water all over my painting and ruined it. (她把水倒在画上，把它毁了。)另外，ruin的复数形式ruins表“废墟”。 64. decrease, reduce decrease多表示逐渐缩小。如：The swelling decreased daily.(肿胀日渐消退。) reduce为常用词，使用范围较大，可指尺寸，数量，规模和程度等，也可指地位，经济状况。如：He won’t reduce the rent of the house.(他不愿降低房租。) 65. dependent, independent dependent依赖的，依靠的(on, upon)。如：Success is dependent on your hard work. Independent 不依靠的，独立的(of)。如：John was independent of his parents when he was still a child. 66. desert, dessert desert沙漠。如：Have you ever been to a desert? Dessert甜食。如：What would you like for dessert, an apple pie or ice-cream? 67. discover, invent discover发现。如：A coal mine has been discovered in that area. invent发明，创造。如：A kind of toothbrush has been invented to relieve toothache. 68. duty, responsibility 均有“责任”之意，可换用。 duty意义较广，多指发自内心的道德伦理上的责任感。 responsibility着重指从道义或法律上对事件之后果负责。如：I took full responsibility for breaking the vase.(我承担打破花瓶的全部责任。) | 
发表于 2010-4-9 11:15
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